Author

(year of publication)

Level of evide-nce

Study design

Patients (N)

Inclusion criteria

Follow-up

Outcome measures

Results

Lost to follow-up

Comments

Alavi 2015

C

prospective case series

55 patients

(38 females and 17 males)

patients

diagnosed with HS, and at least 18 years of age; the patients were identified retrospectively using patients’

charts from Ontario community dermatology clinics.

unknown

Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Short Form 36 Version 2 (SF-36v2) health survey, and a questionnaire

designed by the investigators to assess disease factors (age,

time until diagnosis, duration of first symptom, number of lesions, number of episodes, patient-reported QoL [rated as a mild, moderate, or severe effect on the patient’s life], and

disease severity based on Hurley stage)

The average DLQI score was 10 ± 8.8 for all patients, demonstrating that HS has a

‘moderate effect on patient’s life’. Hurley stage, the number of lesions, and patient-reported QoL assessed in the questionnaire were significantly correlated with the DLQI score (b = 0.549, 0.285, 0.390, respectively; p = 0.000, 0.045, 0.004, respectively; a = 0.05). On the other hand, sex, age, duration of first symptom, number of episodes, time until diagnosis, and location of the lesions were not statistically significantly correlated with the DLQI score. The effect on QoL

was further reflected by the SF-36v2 scores, with lower scores than normal standards for every component in Hurley Stage 3 patients.

unknown

Alavi 2018a

C

cross-sectional study

51 patients

the ability to give

informed consent, being over 18 years of age, and having a

confirmed diagnosis of HS by a dermatologist

unknown

Disease severity was assessed using the Hurly staging, the Sartorius system and Physician Global Assessment (PGA). Odour severity and frequency were collected using a self-reported measure using Likert scales ranging from 0 to 10 and 0 to 4, respectively. The odour

severity variable was dichotomized using the median to classify

high- and low-severity groups.

Quality of life was assessed using both the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and the Skindex-29

instruments.

Forty-five of 51 patients (88%) experienced malodourous discharge. The severity of odour significantly predicts the total Skindex score after controlling for disease severity as measured by the Hurley stage and Sartorius score (R2 = 0.39, F = 8.11, P < 0001).

Odour severity was not a predictor of DLQI (R2 = 0.17, F = 2.63, P = .064) in a regression model.

Patients with lesions in the areas of groin, upper thighs, and buttocks are also more likely to be in the high-odour category (Pearson χ2 = 5.66, df = 1, P = .017). Not for patients with lesions in the axilla or breast areas.

Correlations between odour severity and a number of questionnaire items in Skindex-29 (items 5 and 29) and DLQI (items 8 and 9) that pertain to social and sexual functioning, in addition to an item on the experience of social isolation.

unknown

A linear regression analysis was performed to assess whether odour frequency predicts quality of life as measured by Skindex-29 and DLQI separately,

while controlling for Hurley stage and Sartorius score.

Alavi 2018b

B

observational cross-sectional study

50 patients with HS and 50 controls (healthy volunteers)

For the HS group included the ability to give informed consent, >18 years of age, and a diagnosis

of HS confirmed by a dermatologist.

The control group was composed of healthy individuals or individuals

who ccompanied the patient and who were matched for age and sex on the basis of self-reports. Who did not have HS, or any known medical conditions, including HS comorbidities.

unknown

The primary outcomes of interest were overall QoL and sexual functioning.

Four validated sexual health questionnaires were used to qualitatively assess the physical and psychological aspects of

sexual functioning: the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Sexual Quality of Life Questionnaire for Use in

Men (SQoLM), International Index of Erectile Dysfunction (IIEF),

Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), and Female Sexual Distress Scale – Revised (FSDS-R).

Patients with HS had a significantly lower QoL as measured with the DLQI compared with the control group (p < .0001). The DLQI scores of male and female patients with HS did not differ, but they were significantly different when compared with those of the same sex control group.

When compared with the male control group, male patients with HS had on average a lower sexual SQoLM (p < .0001) and IIEF scores (p = .019).

Item 9, which asks patients about the extent of sexual difficulties caused by the skin, was strongly and significantly correlated with FSDS-R (r = .614; p < .001) and SQoLM (r = –0.64; p = .001). There was no correlation between Item 9 and IIEF (r = –0.25; p =.25) and FSFI (r = –0.19; p = .21)

Female patients had significantly higher distress related to sexual function as measured with the FSDS-R compared with healthy female

volunteers (p = .002).

unknown

Unequal distribution of male (n=17) and female (n=33) patients with HS. Versus more equal distribution in control group (28 female vs 22 male)

Delany 2018

C

epidemiologic, non-interventional, cross-sectional

(single-visit), multicenter study

A total of 15547 patients attended dermatology clinics, of which 221 had a diagnosis of HS and formed the primary population. Of the primary

population, 150 eligible patients gave their consent to participate

in the study and comprised the full analysis set.

Eligible patients were ≥18 years of age, diagnosed with HS by a

consultant dermatologist in a hospital setting and attending a

single routine dermatology clinic over a 6-month period. All

patients who met the eligibility criteria were offered the opportunity

to participate in the study. Any eligible patients attending

the clinic who did not wish to participate in the study were

recorded using the non-participating patient log, and the total

number of patients who attended each clinic was tracked using

the log from each site.

unknown

The primary objective of the study was

to determine the number of patients with HS attending dermatology

clinics in a hospital setting in Ireland within a 6-month time period. Secondary objectives included the assessment of current disease status, disease characteristics, referral and treatment patterns, patient disease burden, work productivity and total activity impairment (i.e. the impact on daily activities outside of work), evidence for all of which has been lacking to date.

The WPAI questionnaire was completed by 143 patients, almost half of whom were employed at the time of the study visit (49.7%). A substantial proportion of the full analysis set were unemployed (21.3%), while others were out of work due to temporary or permanent illness disability (9.4%). Patient-reported outcomes concerning quality of life (reported by the DLQI) revealed that 91.7% of 145 responders were

embarrassed/self-conscious about their skin, with 33.8% being very embarrassed/self-conscious and 93.8% reporting that the condition of their skin influenced the clothes that they wear. The majority of responders indicated that their skin had an impact on social leisure activities (n = 120; 82.8%); made it difficult to

participate in sports (n = 110; 76.4%); interfered with activities at home, in the garden, or while shopping (n = 102; 70.3%); or that the treatment of their condition had been a problem (n = 78; 55.3%). The responses to the EQ-5D-5L indicated that

most patients had also felt anxious or depressed to some extent, which was consistent with responses from the PHQ-2.

unknown

This is an epidemiological study. QoL is a secondary outcome measure.

Janse 2017

C

multicentre cross-sectional survey.

Of the 916 invited patients, 7 patients refused participation, three patients were unable to participate because of

Comorbidity and 573 patients did not respond to the invitation. A total of 333

patients filled out the questionnaire, which corresponds to a response rate of 36%. In additional to those 333 patients, 22

patients were included through application via the Dutch

hidradenitis patients’ association website.

Patients diagnosed with HS between 2007 and September 2014

A PGA score of 0 was found in 24

patients; these patients were included only in the analyses

regarding disease activity. The final sample for analysis consisted

of 300 patients.

The questionnaires

of 31 patients were returned incompletely filled in and were therefore excluded.

unknown

 Three self-administered questionnaires were used for the assessment of sexual health: the Female Sexual Function Index

(FSFI), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)

and Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX).

The Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) is a commonly used questionnaire for the assessment of QoL in skin diseases, and a high score indicates greater impairment of QoL.

This study showed a diminished QoL and sexual health in patients with HS (Female Sexual Function Index: 21.6 ± 9.6, Sexual dysfunction (FSFI ≤ 26.55) was found in 62% of the female patients.

International Index of Erectile Function: 49.7 ± 20.7, and the IIEF erectile function domain score was 20.6 ± 9.7. The proportion of male patients who had erectile dysfunction determined by an IIEF erectile function domain score of ≤ 25 was 52%.

Arizona Sexual Experience Scale: 16.7 ± 5.3, The criteria of sexual dysfunction were met by 42% of the patients. The ASEX score was significantly higher in women than in men (17.4 ± 5.2 vs. 14.0 ± 4.7, P < 0.001), indicating that women had worse sexual health.

Dermatology Life Quality Index: 12.5 ± 7.5). There was no significant difference in DLQI score between women and men (12.8 ± 7.5 vs. 11.7 ± 7.4, P = 0.33). Sexual health was associated with QoL in women but not in men. Female sex and late onset of HS were associated with poor sexual function. Impairment of QoL was associated with anogenital involvement, early onset of HS, disease severity and disease activity.

 unknown

Kirby 2017

C

Multi-center cross-sectional survey

The final sample for the study,

including patients from the US and Denmark sites, was 154

participants who submitted complete data.

In the US,

96 patients from the referral centers were invited to participate, 69 (71.8%) of whom responded and 58 (60.4%) of whom submitted complete data.

In Denmark, 126 patients participated, and 96 (76.1%)

provided complete data.

Patients were eligible for inclusion if they were 18 years or

older and had a visit for HS at 1 of the referral centers in the past 2 years (from January 1, 2014, through December 31, 2016).

Patients were excluded if they declined to participate, could

not read or write in English or Danish, or had a cognitive disability that would preclude their understanding of the survey

questions.

Only patients who submitted a complete survey

were included (n = 154); thus, methods for handling missing

data were not required.

unknown

The HRQOL of the participants was the outcome of interest or

dependent variable in this study. It was assessed using the DLQI, (score range: 0-30, with lower scores typically indicating lower HRQOL) a widely used, validated, skin-specific HRQOL

questionnaire comprising 10 items related to symptoms, embarrassment,

shopping and home care, clothing, social and leisure

activities, work or study, close relationships, sex, and treatment.

Depressive symptoms of the participants were assessed using the HADS (score range: 0-21, with a sub score of 11 or greater indicating depression).

The Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS) (score range:4-20, with the highest score indicating high resilience).

Patients were asked to provide sociodemographic data—age, sex, race/ ethnicity, study site, and educational attainment.

The independent variables with the highest semipartial

correlations were HS severity and depression score, with HS

activity independently estimating 27% and depressive

symptoms estimating 10% of variation in HRQOL.

For the mediation analysis, resilience score was significantly associated

with depressive symptoms score (regression coefficient

a = −0.21; P < .001), and depressive symptoms score

(c = 0.637; P < .001) was significantly associated with lower HRQOL (c′ = 0.644; P < .001). However, both the direct association (b = 0.033; P = .86) and the indirect association

(a × b = 0.007; P = .87) of resilience on HRQOL were not significant. These findings indicate that resilience did not mediate the association between depressive symptoms and HRQOL (figure 1).

HS severity and depression

were included in the model along with the interaction term between depression score and resilience score on the basis of the a priori hypothesis of this study. This model estimated a 58% variation in HRQOL and had the lowest Akaike information criterion

of the 3 models. The interaction term for resilience and

depression was significant and supports the moderation of depression by resilience.

unknown

The response rate cannot be calculated,

however, because the number of people who viewed and

decided not to participate in the survey is unknown.

Kluger 2017

C

single-center cross-sectional study

Of 69 identified patients, 18 did not meet the eligibility criteria. Of those patients, 11 could not be contacted

and 1 died. Of the remaining 39 patients, 4

declined to participate and 6 did not participate for the different

reasons.

Of the 29 patients who provided consent to participate

in the study, 1 died before the study visit, 1

was not able to answer the questionnaires

herself, and 1 did not show up for the study visit. In total, 26 patients were included in the study (fig. 1).

inclusion into the study: patients ≥ 18 years of age with

HS diagnosed ≥ 6 months before study initiation with the ability to

provide informed consent. All three diagnostic criteria for HS had to be met: presence of typical lesions, location of lesions in typical areas, and an evolving disease course with relapses and chronicity.

unknown

During visits patients were asked to rank 10 HS-related symptoms according to the impact on their everyday life. Patients were asked to complete a set of questionnaires (Work Productivity and Activity Impairment-Specific Health Problem [WPAI-SHP], Dermatology Life Quality Index [DLQI], Beck Depression Inventory [BDI-21], 15D Instrument [15D], HS Symptom Assessment [HSSA], and HS Impact Assessment [HSIA]) at home before the study visit.

Pain was ranked as the most

bothersome HS-related symptom (mean score, 3.27).

Mean DLQI score was 8.31 ± 7.39 (3.00 ± 3.77 for men

and 11.63 ± 7.22 for women). The difference was statistically

significant between men and women, (Mann-Whitney U test, p = 0.002). Nine patients (34.6%), all women, reported a very large to extremely large effect on their daily life (DLQI >10). The items most affected were skin symptoms and embarrassment (38.5%), problems with clothing (36.0%), and impaired sexuality (26.6%; Fig. 3 a).

Higher Hurley stage at visit (p=

0.001), female gender (p= 0.018), and higher BDI-21 total

score (p 0.022) were variables that significantly affected the total DLQI score in stepwise regression analysis.

Mean total BDI-21 score was 10.69 ± 10.13. Women had

higher scores than men (mean, 15.00 ± 10.32 vs. 3.80 ± 4.66; Mann-Whitney U test, p = 0.002).

Results from the WPAI-SHP questionnaire showed that, of those employed ( n = 16; 1.5%), 2 (12.5%) missed a mean of 28.75 h from work during the past 7 days because of problems associated with HS. The rest of the employed

patients ( n = 14) reported no absence from work during the past 7 days.

unknown

It was a descriptive

study without any control group. In addition, we cannot

rule out the fact that the sample size (n= 26) may have affected our results.

Kurek 2012

B

A prospective

observational cross-sectional case-control study

44 patients (24 women, 20 men) given a

diagnosis of acne inversa(AI) were included.

The patients were compared with control subjects (41 subjects, (21 women, 20 men)

without AI matched for age, sex, and body mass

index (BMI) (matched pairs), who were selected

randomly as healthy volunteers

from the population.

Control subjects aged 18

years or older were eligible

for inclusion.

inclusion criteria: age of at least 18 years, a diagnosis of AI, and absence

of any malignant, psychiatric, and/or hormonal

disorders.

unknown

The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) contains 19 questions

that describe the female sexual function in 6 domains.

The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) contains 15 questions that were assigned in 5 domains of male sexuality: erectile function, orgasmic

function, sexual desire, intercourse satisfaction,

and overall satisfaction.

Frankfurt Self-Concept Scale for Sexuality (FKKS

SSEX)26 measures to what extend the individual has

difficulties with their sexuality, how much the individual is concerned about their sexuality, if one feels attractive, and how one is able to show affection.

The Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI)27 was developed to assess the quality of life in skin diseases.

The mean ± SD FSFI score for female sexual functioning was significantly lower in female patients with AI than in

female control subjects without AI (22.1 ± 10.2 vs 29.0 ± 8.2, P = .01), demonstrating significant sexual dysfunction in female patients with AI (Fig 1, A, and

Table I).

The mean ± SD IIEF score for male sexual functioning was significantly lower compared with the male control subjects (42.6 ± 27.1 vs 62.6 ± 10.8, P = .01), demonstrating a higher sexual dysfunction in male patients compared with control subjects (Fig 1, B, and Table II).

The FKKS SSEX score, showed significantly lower values for patients with AI compared with

control subjects without AI (mean ± SD 21.4 ± 5.7 vs 27.7 ± 4.6, P < .01), suggesting higher sexual distress within the patient group compared with

healthy control subjects (Fig 1, C).

The mean ± SD DLQI score for female patients with AI was significantly higher than for male patients with AI (14.4 ± 6.6 vs 9.6 ± 6.9, P = .03),

indicating a significantly lower QoL in female compared with male patients with AI (Fig 1,

D, and Table III).

unknown

Small sample size is the main limitation of this study.

Matusaik 2018

C

Cross sectional survey (?)

103 consecutive patients

unknown

All patients with any pruritic/painful skin condition of

any type or those receiving any anti-pruritics or pain-killers (e.g.

antihistamines, immunomodulators/immunosuppressants, etc. (> 5 half-lives washout period)) were excluded.

unknown

Pruritus and pain intensity were evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and numerical rating scale (NRS) The scores for

both above-mentioned tools ranged from 0 (no pruritus/pain), to 10 points (worst imaginable pruritus/pain).

Pruritus was additionally assessed with a 4-item Itch Questionnaire.

Dermatology Life

Quality Index (DLQI) was also implemented to assess QoL issues.

Lesion-linked pruritus and pain were reported by the majority

of patients during the course of the disease: 62.1% (64/103) and 97.1% (100/103), respectively.

Multivariate analysis of variance revealed that the presence of pruritus did not have an impact on QoL assessed with DLQI (p = 0.79), nor did it show interaction with the pain in this regard (p =0.18). The presence of pain was a crucial contributor (p = 0.002),

even more relevant than disease severity (p = 0.04). Nonetheless, the pruritus intensity correlated significantly

with DLQI (r = 0.45, p = 0.004; r = 0.48, p = 0.002 for VAS and NRS, respectively).

The pain intensity correlated negatively with QoL, assessed with DLQI, and additionally with

disease severity, evaluated with HSS and HSSI (r = 0.48,

p < 0.0001; r = 0.3, p = 0.01; r = 0.57, p < 0.0001, respectively

(the same values for VAS and NRS)).

unknown

Unknown inclusion-criteria.

Onderdijk 2013

B

Observational case-control study.

A total of 539 patients were contacted and 444 patients (82%) accepted participation by responding the questionnaires.

In total 211 HS patients were included in the study and 233 were dermatological control patients.

unknown

unknown

QoL and depression scores were assessed using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and the Major Depression Inventory (MDI) questionnaires.

The DLQI was significantly higher for HS patients than for the control patients, 8.4 ± 7.5 vs. 4.3 ± 5.6 (P < 0.0001) and correlated with Hurley stage severity scores. Mean MDI scores were significantly higher for HS patients, 11.0 vs. 7.2 (P < 0.0001), with 44 HS patients (21%) having scores indicating possible depression (≥20), compared with 26 controls (11%) (P = 0.006). However, clinically defined depression rates according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition (ICD-10) criteria were not significantly higher in HS patients compared to controls (9% vs. 6%).

unknown

Selection bias in being a hospital based sample, which

restricts the generalisability of the data

Riis 2016

C

Crosssectional study

Participating patients (n = 294.

A total of 299 (71% response) replies were received.

Three replies were missing more than one variable of the EQ-5D-3L questions and were excluded for the purposes of this study.

All patients with HS (n = 421) registered at the Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Roskilde, regardless of

severity and comorbidities were contacted by post and invited to

answer a questionnaire, which included the EQ5D-3L questions.

unknown

Questions regarding pain, malodour and pruritus were included to determine quantitatively

whether these factors are associated with low EQ-5D index and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores.

The population norms for the Danish population, provided by EuroQol, were used as reference values

A significantly decreased utility in patients with hidradenitis

suppurativa was found for all age group levels, except for 65–74-year-olds. The total index score in the cohort was 0.705 (population mean 0.887) and the VAS was 62.25 (population mean 82.6). Multivariate analysis found significant associations between loss of utility and pain, malodour and pruritus (p < 0.0001). Patients with hidradenitis suppurativa had a significantly decreased

EQ-5D compared with the background population. Malodour and pruritus were found to be associated with

low index values, and pain and malodour with low VAS.

Patient-reported pain and discomfort had the most negative overall effect on mean index scores.

unknown

Schneider-Burrus 2018

B

A prospective, observational, cross-sectional case- control study

46 patients and 41 controls were included.

47 patients with HS and 45 controls were recruited. One patient and 4 controls failed to complete the questionnaire and were excluded from the evaluation.

Patients With HS were compared with healthy controls matched for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight in kg’s

divided by height in meters squared) who were selected

from the population.

unknown

unknown

Disease severity was

assessed by the Sartorius score.

After clinical evaluation, patients and controls were asked to fill out the Frankfurt Body Concept Scale (FKKS) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression

Scale (HADS).

HS significantly reduced body image (mean FKKS score, 234.2 [5.4] in patients and 276.9 [5.7] in controls; P<.001), even when controlled for BMI. A correlation was found for the extent of body image disruption and BMI (r=-0.589; P<.001), HADS-depression score (r=-0.619; P<.001), and HADS-anxiety score (r=-0.340; P=.03). No association was found for the body image score and the severity of HS, age at onset of disease, and duration of disease. The body contact subscale score was the only subscale score that was not different between patients with HS and controls.

unknown

Slyper 2018

B

Retrospective cohort analysis using the

Explorys database

In the Explorys database they identified 40 585 patients with HS

The non-HS (control) group included 24 066 860 participants

Eligible patients had available information

on age and sex and either: (i) a diagnosis of HS between

September 2012 and September 2017; or (ii) clinical findings

in the same period and no diagnosis of HS.

Patients with a diagnosed SD prior to the

index date were excluded.

unknown

To compare the incidence of SD among patients with and without HS.

The incidence of SD among the HS group was 1.7% (705/40 585), compared with 1.5% (371 560/24 066 860, P = 0.002) in

those without HS. In multivariable analyses, the HS group had an approximately 40% increase in the odds of incident SD [OR 1.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28–1.48, P < 0.001].

HS was significantly associated

with SD among both men (OR 131, 95% CI 1.18–1.46) and

women (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.30–1.62). However, this association

did not differ significantly by sex. The association between HS and SD differed by age group (P < 0.001). Depressive disorder was a statistically significant effect modifier (P = 0.03), although the difference in group-specific ORs was relatively small. Anxiety disorder was a statistically significant effect modifier (P < 0.001), although the difference in group-specific ORs was relatively small. (Table 1).

unknown

Vangipuram 2017

C

Single-Center Retrospective chart Review

283 adult patients

unknown

unknown

Hurley stage in depression

and non-depression groups Hurley stage in chronic pain and nonchronic pain groups

Number of areas involved in depression and

non-depression groups

Number of areas involved in chronic pain and nonchronic pain groups.

Sixty-nine patients (24.4%) with HS also had a concurrent diagnosis of depression; 113 HS patients (39.9%) had a concurrent diagnosis of chronic pain. Of the HS patients with depression, 59.2% also had a coexisting diagnosis of chronic pain. The difference between Hurley scores in the depression and nondepression groups was not statistically significant

( p = 0.805)

The difference between Hurley

scores in the chronic pain and nonchronic pain groups was marginally statistically significant ( p = 0.045). The

difference between the number of areas of involvement in the depression and non-depression groups was statistically

significant ( p = 0.013).

In addition, the difference

between the number of areas of involvement in the chronic pain and nonchronic pain groups was statistically

significant ( p = 0.001)

unknown

Methods are not fully clear in this study.

Von der Werth 2001

C

Cross-sectional survay study (?)

160 patients were contacted, of whom 114 (71%) participated

Patients with an established diagnosis of HS were identified from databases of hospitals in Nottingham

and Mansfield in the U.K. and Copenhagen and

Roskilde in Denmark. Cases were traced back to 1993

in Nottingham, to 1995 in Mansfield and to 1997 in

Roskilde. To be included as a case the diagnosis of HS had to be made by a fully trained dermatologist or had to be supported by histological evidence.

unknown

The main outcome measure was the mean DLQI score. In addition to presenting descriptive statistics on this cohort of patients, correlations between the descriptive variables and the DLQI scores were analysed.

Patients had a mean ± SD DLQI score of 8´9 ± 8´3 points. The highest mean score out of the 10 DLQI questions was recorded for question

1, which measures the level of pain, soreness, stinging or itching (mean 1´55 points, median 2 points). Patients experienced a mean of 5´1 lesions per month.

Patients who scored zero (n= 21) differed from those scoring 10 points or more (n= 43) in their mean age (46 vs. 39 years), age at disease onset (26´5 vs. 19´7 years) and mean number of lesions per month

(1´3 vs. 6´7 lesions), but not in the mean duration of disease activity (18´2 vs. 19´4 years).

The DLQI score was independent of age or disease

duration (Table 2). It did correlate strongly with the number of lesions suffered per month (r2= 0´384). There was a negative correlation between the age at disease onset and DLQI (r2 = -0´227).

unknown

The authors are aware that the study population

is by definition the more severely affected group of HS sufferers and may therefore not be representative

of all patients with this disease. Other weaknesses

such as the recall element and the reliance on selfreported

lesions also have to be acknowledged.

Vossen 2017

C

academic hospital-based Cross-Sectional Study

In total 211 patients where included in the study.

A total of 231 HS patients were screened, of whom 20 were

excluded (13 had a concomitant dermatological comorbidity

causing itch, 5 had a limited understanding of the Dutch language, and 2 patients declined to take part in the

study).

Consecutive male

and female patients with a physician-verified diagnosis of

HS who visited the Department of Dermatology, Erasmus

University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Patients with a limited understanding of the Dutch language, as well as patients with a concomitant skin disease that might cause pruritus (e.g. psoriasis, atopic dermatitis,

chronic urticaria) were excluded.

unknown

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, and explore the characteristics, of pruritus in a cohort of HS patients.

The prevalence rate of pruritus in 211 HS patients was 57.3%, with a mean NRS score of 6.1 ± 2.0. Patients with a pruritus NRS score ≥3 reported a higher level of pain (p<0.001), had more affected body areas (p<0.001), and had more severe

disease according to the Hurley classification (p<0.001)

compared with patients reporting a pruritus NRS score <3. Candidate predictors for patients reporting a pruritus NRS score ≥3 were Hurley stage III (OR 7.73; p = 0.003) and pain, with an OR of 1.34 for each additional point on the NRS (p<0.001).

Pruritus affected sleep and activities of daily living (ADL) in the majority of cases, with an associated modified 5-D itch score of 13.7 ± 3.6 (on a scale from 5 to 25) in 52 HS patients.

Serum pruritus markers were evaluated in 24 patients in the

pruritus NRS score ≥3 group (n = 121).

unknown

In addition, serological and histological

markers of pruritus were evaluated in a

subpopulation, but not a outcome measure of interest so not mentioned in the results of this table.

Wolkenstein 2007

C

Prospective evaluation

N=61 HS patients.

Results of VQ-Dermato and Skindex France where compared with results from patients with NF1 (N=128) and with other chronic diseases (N= 1161) (chronic urticaria, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis).

patients were included referred to our

specialized HS consultation service.

6 months

The aim of our study was to determine factors

modulating QoL impact in HS.

Pain at the moment of the consultation was

measured using a visual analog scale.

Skin disease-specific QoL was measured using

two questionnaires, VQ-Dermato and Skindex-

France.

VQ-Dermato is a French QoL questionnaire.

General health QoL was measured using the

French version of Short Form 36 (SF-36).

The measure of QoL with VQ-Dermato, Skindex-France, and SF-36 in our patients was strongly correlated (P < .05, Pearson’s correlation coefficient > 0.65). Skindex-France measures emotion, symptoms, and function, which were used to describe QoL. The severity of HS was correlated positively with symptoms (P<.01, Pearson’s correlation

coefficient = 0.44), the duration of HS with emotion

(ANOVA, P = .05), and symptoms (ANOVA, P = .006). Pain correlated with emotions (P<.05, Pearson’s correlation coefficient >0.3), symptoms

(P = .001, Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.47), and function (P = .001, Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.44). Patients with a continuous evolution of

their disease were significantly more affected functionally

than patients with an intermittent evolution (ANOVA, P<.05). Patients with associated pelvic and axillary and/or submammary lesions had a significantly higher impact on symptoms than others (57. 6 6 20.4 vs 40.9 6 22.4, P<.05).

unknown